build-tooling

# 构建系统与工具链 ## 现代 CMake cmake cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.20) project(MyProject VERSION 1.0.0 LANGUAGES CXX) # 设置 C++ 标准 set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 20) set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_REQUIRED ON) set(CMAKE_CXX_EXTENSIONS OFF) # 为工具导出编译命令 set(CMAKE_EXPORT_COMPILE_COMMANDS ON) # 编译器警告 if(MSVC) add_compile_options(/W4 /WX) else() add_compile_options(-Wall -Wextra -Wpedantic -Werror) endif() # 创建库目标 add_library(mylib src/mylib.cpp include/mylib.h ) target_include_directories(mylib PUBLIC $ $ PRIVATE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src ) target_compile_features(mylib PUBLIC cxx_std_20) # 创建可执行文件 add_executable(myapp src/main.cpp) target_link_libraries(myapp PRIVATE mylib) # 使用 FetchContent 管理依赖 include(FetchContent) FetchContent_Declare( fmt GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/fmtlib/fmt.git GIT_TAG 10.1.1 ) FetchContent_MakeAvailable(fmt) target_link_libraries(mylib PUBLIC fmt::fmt) # 测试 enable_testing() add_subdirectory(tests) # 安装规则 include(GNUInstallDirs) install(TARGETS mylib myapp EXPORT MyProjectTargets LIBRARY DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR} ARCHIVE DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR} RUNTIME DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR} ) install(DIRECTORY include/ DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR} ) ## Sanitizers (消毒剂) cmake # AddressSanitizer (ASan) - 内存错误 set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_ASAN "-g -O1 -fsanitize=address -fno-omit-frame-pointer" CACHE STRING "ASan 构建标志" ) # UndefinedBehaviorSanitizer (UBSan) - 未定义行为 set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_UBSAN "-g -O1 -fsanitize=undefined -fno-omit-frame-pointer" CACHE STRING "UBSan 构建标志" ) # ThreadSanitizer (TSan) - 数据竞争 set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_TSAN "-g -O1 -fsanitize=thread -fno-omit-frame-pointer" CACHE STRING "TSan 构建标志" ) # MemorySanitizer (MSan) - 未初始化读取 set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS_MSAN "-g -O1 -fsanitize=memory -fno-omit-frame-pointer" CACHE STRING "MSan 构建标志" ) # 用法: cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=ASAN .. ## 静态分析 yaml # .clang-tidy 配置 --- Checks: > *, -fuchsia-*, -google-*, -llvm-*, -modernize-use-trailing-return-type, -readability-identifier-length WarningsAsErrors: '*' CheckOptions: - key: readability-identifier-namin